Fault slip distribution of the 2014 Iquique, Chile earthquake estimated from ocean-wide tsunami waveforms and GPS data

Aditya Riadi Gusman, Satoko Murotani, Kenji Satake, Mohammad Heidarzadeh, Endra Gunawan, Shingo Watada, and Bernd Schurr

Geophysical Research Letters, DOI: 10.1002/2014GL062604
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Abstract

We applied a new method to compute tsunami Green’s functions for slip inversion of the 1 April 2014 Iquique earthquake using both near-field and far-field tsunami waveforms. Inclusion of the effects of the elastic loading of seafloor, compressibility of seawater, and the geopotential variation in the computed Green’s functions reproduced the tsunami travel-time delay relative to long-wave simulation, and allowed us to use far-field records in tsunami waveform inversion. Multiple time window inversion was applied to tsunami waveforms iteratively until the result resembles the stable moment-rate function from teleseismic inversion. We also used GPS data for a joint inversion of tsunami waveforms and co-seismic crustal deformation. The major slip region with a size of 100 km × 40 km is located down-dip the epicenter at depth ~28 km, regardless of assumed rupture velocities. The total seismic moment estimated from the slip distribution is 1.24 × 10²¹ Nm (Mw 8.0).

Maximum tsunami amplitude distribution in the Pacific Ocean for the 2014 Iquique earthquake. Maximum tsunami amplitude and epicentral distance for each DART station are shown by the size of the circle and blue text, respectively.